Common agriculture policy 2023-2027 (CAP)
CAP policies influence food quality, pesticide use, and rural development.
Poorly managed agricultural subsidies can increase vulnerability to climate hazards — floods, droughts, or pollution.
So what does cap actually do?
1. Steering the agriculture industry towards sustainability
2. A partnership between agriculture and society.
🎯cap main goals
1. Is CAP just another excuse to frame green growth as sustainable?
Does Brussels understand the reality of farmers?
How to balance between pleasing big and small farms?
2. The use of pesticides and the massive lobby on environmentally harmful agriculture chemicals inside the EU
The lobby for chemicals is massive
Poorly designed incentives can lead to environmental contamination, harming human helath or economic uncertainty for farmers
3. Issue of representation in local bodies
Farmers are underrepresented in local governance
Small and organic farms are even less represented. Large-scale industrial farms often receive most funds, while smallholders and riral communities may get left behind, deepening the inequality and limiting opportunities for sustainable livelihoods
4. Environmental issues
Policies influence wheter land is over-farmed, left fallow, or restored. Intensive farming without proper environmental safeguards depletes soil, reduces its fertility, and therefore harms long-term sustainability
5. Focus on animal welfare not rights
CAP does not fundamentally question the use of animals in farming, nor does it treat animals as stakeholders with rights. This is an ethical and environmental issue
6. Labour rights and working conditions
Intensive farming systems, supported indirectly by CAP, can involve precarious labour conditions, seasonal work with low pay, or unsafe working environments
CAP does not explicitly include labour rights safeguards
7. Right to food and access to resources
CAP subsidies historically favour large-scale industrial farms, which can distort markets and limit access for smallholders or local farmers
Right to adequate food and livelihoods for rural communities can be endangered, especially in less-favoured regions
🛠️Problems
This analysis has been conducted by the participants of FYEG’s Summer Camp 2025, funded by the European Youth Foundation of the Council of Europe.
🌿The future
OF cap
1. Reshaping the paradigm of green growth towards degrowth
2. Becoming independent from unsustainable structures such as the use of pesticides and animal farming.
📑recommendatons
1.Make CAP truly responsive to farmers’ realities
2. Reduce harmful chemical dependency and reform incentives
3. Improve representation and equity in local governance
4. Embed environmental sustainability in land use
5. Transparent monitoring and evaluation
6. Integrate the welfare and agency of farmed animals into CAP assessments, and reconsider the environmental, social, and ethical impacts of intensive and factory farming systems
7. Ensure CAP supports fair labour standards
8. Protect the right to food and equitable resource access
9.Increase transparency and limit undue lobbying